Abstract
The closure of Swiss-cheese multiple ventricular septal defects remains a difficult
technical challenge and it is associated with increased mortality. Recently, the felt
sandwich technique has been widely used to close muscular ventricular septal defects
because the technique is simple, safe, effective, and reproducible. This technique
may be useful, especially in complex cases, because it does not require prolonged
surgical time. However, the use of numerous felt patches may disturb the movement
of interventricular septum and cause cardiac dysfunction in infants. To avoid postoperative
cardiac dysfunction, our current strategy is implemented to close muscular ventricular
septal defects directly as much as possible. When the ventricular septal defect is
considered unsuitable for direct closure, the felt sandwich technique is a useful
tool that can be applied as needed by surgeons.
Keywords
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© 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc.
